Critical reflections on the Westphalian assumptions Essay

Reflection Piece Critical reflections on the Westphalian suspicions of universal law and association: an emergency of authenticity. In spite of the fact that the absence of world government, the vast majority concur that there is an assortment of standards and decides of direct that produce global law. Universal law has for the most part examinated from two different positions. At the point when force and interests conflicts, doubters consider global to be as an inconsequential and nonexistent. Particularly, the article of A. Claire Outler centers around this issue. However,others have at times considered universal to be as a solid device to sort out and change the conduct of states to improve things. The principle impotance or imperative of universal law is the clashing and for the most part questionable arrangements in worldwide settlements and shows. Likewise, legitimate framework comes up short on the necessary Juristiction and an embraced chain of command on the grounds that generally ground-breaking and created nations overlook and attempt to run way the constraints of universal law. I believe that this circumstance obviously shows the shortcomings of universal law. A powerful lawful code requires to get used to genuine conduct of people and states and make an effort not to basically revamp them as indicated by theoretical good standards. When all is said in done, pragmatist are increasingly dubious about the issue of universal law on the different hand,liberals and constructivist depend on it is, and ought to be, a critical power forming the conduct of states. To summarize, I feel that this article was an exceptionally helpful on the grounds that it shows the negative and positive parts of the issue plainly. Be that as it may, some piece of the article was somewhat one-sided about the legitimacy of universal law. It by and large spotlights on insufficiencies of universal law. I concur that there is absence of world government and universal law hasn’t mandatory Jurisdiction yet this doesn’t imply that worldwide law isn't genuine and essential law.

Scholarship Committee Essay

Grant Committee Essay Grant Committee Essay Austin Runkle To the individuals from the Scholarship Committee, I want to demand any accessible grants to help me in promoting my instruction. I live with just my mom who has assisted with setting up my three more established sisters for school. She did as well as could be expected to assist monetarily, be that as it may, they despite everything expected to take out critical advances. I realize my mom feels committed to assist me with my school costs despite the fact that she is running our home all alone. Any grants that I would get would not exclusively be of an extraordinary help to me, yet in addition to my mom realizing that I can make a solid effort to accomplish my fantasy without stressing over having enough cash to guarantee my having the option to proceed with my instruction. I feel that I have been an advantage for Reading High School for these previous four years. I have partaken in swimming and water polo each of the four years. I have been an individual from the Arxalma staff since tenth grade and the Editor in Chief my lesser and senior years. This will be my third year taking an interest in the school appear. I have likewise taken an interest in Knight Life since my sophomore year when I turned into an understudy at RHS. My mom has constantly urged me to get engaged with exercises and to make the best out of each understanding. This is the thing that I plan on doing as I leave Reading High for the following part in my life. As I make this promise to my next home, which is in all likelihood Penn State University, I intend to be as dynamic as could be expected under the circumstances and as

Master Your Writing with Meredith Sue Willis

Master Your Writing with Meredith Sue Willis Meredith Sue Willis is a writer, teacher, reader, and the publisher of her own blog, Meredith Sue Willis: Writer and Teacher, at MeredithSueWillis.com. Willis is a proud member of the Appalachian Renaissance, whose published nonfiction and fiction books include Melis Way, Love Palace, and A Space Apart. She is also an assistant adjunct professor at New York Universitys School of Professional Studies. Her website offers valuable writing advice as well as a glimpse into Williss works and perspectives.For anyone looking to create, polish, and publish their work, the best place to go is always the source. Willis shares links to articles on how to improve ones writing, specifically for the novel-writing crowd. She also provides writing exercises and shows writing techniques. These resources come packaged on a site with links to Williss work and her own inspirations. The site even provides pages for younger writers, and there are links to pages made for teens and children. Aspiring writers looking for advice atop the shoulders of giants should check out Williss blog for these resources.Screenshot of MeredithSueWillis.com, which offers valuable writing advice as well as a glimpse into Williss works and perspectives.Aid and adviceWilliss Tips for Writers page includes links to articles inside the site and out. These articles cover a wide variety of specific-but-necessary topics to address for writers. Among these are tips on doing taxes for independent writers, advice on copyright law, and a self-publishing cost calculator. These resources cover serious topics on writing and more advice can be found elsewhere throughout the site.A QA section is included on this page. The author seems to have taken substantial time to give her thoughts on a few topics. She writes in detail about her writing process. For example, in answering one question, she states the importance of staying mindful of alliterations when writing. She says that she had almost named two characters Travis and Tyler, when, thinking of how the human brain functions, she decided to change Tyler to Harrison. After this, she realized that Harrison was a location in the book, so she changed it again. She writes:Coincidences abound in real life, but in fiction, we tend to expect everything to have meaning, and I didnt want this boy linked to a county.I did another search and replace, and at the moment the second boys name is Jason, but Im not absolutely satisfied with that either...MeredithSueWillis.comThis kind of advice gets to the essence of the value in lessons from an accomplished author. Starting out work as a writer can be daunting. The lessons included in Tips for Writers can help writers looking to get published. These tips cover every aspect of a writers life, from the deceptively mundane to the critical, like calculating self-publishing costs.ConsultationIf youve heeded this advice, but you need specific direction for your story, Willis provides manuscript consultations. On reque st, Willis will read manuscripts including short stories, novels, and memoirs. Willis clearly defines who these consultations can benefit:If you have difficulties with, for example, the English language, you probably want an editor. If you need weekly consultations and support, you almost certainly need a writing coach. If, however, you are looking for an experienced writer and teacher who knows some things about how to make novels and other prose narratives better, then consider MSWs services.MeredithSueWillis.comConsultations start at $200 and are dependent on Williss availability. Those who are interested can contact Willis through her email, which is available through the blog.Practice every dayMeredith Sue Willis is also a teacher on top of being a writer, and this experience lends itself to the teaching materials she provides on the blog. She says she offers writing exercises in her blog in the spirit of the Internet as a place of sharing and exchange. These exercises come str aight from the heart. There are 330 exercisesâ€"enough to provide writers with an exercise almost every day for a year. These exercises can help writers gain inspiration for a future project or simply build their skills and have fun for a spell. They span from the simple, like exercise #66, which asks writers to physically move to a different place to write; to the more grandiose, like exercise #211, which asks writers to work on a short spy thriller.In addition to these writing prompts, which provide short writing experiences, Willis provides online writing classes. The classes are done through email and they include written lectures, reading assignments, writing assignments, and one-on-one responses to homework. Students can work at their own pace in these classes, but they may turn in a total of 6,000 to 7,000 words in their assignments during these classes.Willis has taught at the university level, so there is real value in these classes. That said, classes run in the fall, Janu ary, and the summer, depending on Williss schedule, and they cost $45 to $60 per session. To sign on to the mailing list for the classes, go to the online writing workshops blog page. Testimonials from students on these classes are shown on the blog page.These classes appeal to writers looking to hone their writing skills. Willis requires a lot of time from students to complete these assignments, but this is offset by the offline format, which lets students complete assignments at their own pace. People who have not received formal instruction on novel writing and wish to get into the business can particularly benefit from these classes. If youre an aspiring writer looking for more practice and instruction, these classes may be for you, provided one is available.Kids and teensFor any aspiring young writers, Meredith Sue Willis provides resources for all reading and writing levels. The writer has taught not only in universities and online but also to grade school and high school stud ents. MSWs Page for Kids opens to a picture of Williss pet parakeet and offers a kid-friendly layout. Willis lists several books for kids, clearly passionate about encouraging reading at an early age, while also providing a medium for children to recommend their favorite books. Williss Page About Books and Writing for Teens contains resources dedicated to teens, as well as book recommendations.First and foremost, this is a blog about teaching adult writers to break into and excel in the publishing world. However, its never too early to start building writing skills and laying the groundwork for later writing successes. These tools allow children and teens to see what others have discovered in their quest to become better writers and readers and receive advice from an accomplished writer. Anyone looking to direct younger writers to a valuable resource for building their skills would do well in showing them these sites.Meredith Sue Williss website helps younger writers build their wri ting skills.Links and suchIn lieu of a traditional blog roll, Meredith Sue Willis provides resources throughout the website. On the Articles, Lectures, Online Reading, and Websites for Readers and Writers page, Willis provides an expansive set of links that writers can scroll through to address whatever problem they may encounter. This article link page serves as a good substitute for an updated blog roll. Writers would do well to bookmark this page and come back to it later.Links on this site include a TED-Ed video on building fictional worlds, an article on the pet peeves of literary agents (dont leave grammatical mistakes in your letters), a link to a website that can provide more resources for writers, an abundance of articles on the future of book publishing (its uncertain), and news articles.These links inform readers and writers of important developments in the writing world and can teach them how to survive in it.Writing samplesThe authors writing samples are posted througho ut the site for aspiring writers and readers alike. On this same page, blog visitors can discover Williss biography and upcoming events, they can find links to excerpts of her work. Entire short stories like Evenings with Dotson can be found on this page.The final chapterMeredith Sue Williss blog is a great resource to seek writing advice, discover stories worth your time, and even find services that will improve your writing. It is so much more than a simple portfolio for an accomplished author.The site can provide advice on all aspects of a writers life to anyone wanting to become a published author. It provides links and on-site tutorials on different aspects of a writers life. Additionally, if you want to improve your writing, you can find information on joining one of Williss writing classes, if youre looking for advice on a story youre working on, you can find information on a manuscript review.Readers and even younger writers can find a home here. Willis provides free writing samples to her works and reading recommendations. She maintains websites for teens and children that give book recommendations, show publishing houses that accept books from younger readers and writers, and display reviews from those younger readers and writers.Meredith Sue Willis: Writer and Teacher succeeds in teaching and serving as a versatile resource for readers and writers young and old, experienced and amateur.

American Stereotypes of China - 970 Words

US writer Todd C. Ames concludes his two-part discussion of the ways in which Chinese and Americans think of each other, and the most common misunderstandings that arise AMERICANS dont know much about China. What they do know comes from three main sources: movies, the news, and history classes. This can be a sensitive subject, and I do not wish to offend anyone - my goal is only to give you an overview of American stereotypes of China. Just as I have encountered many stereotypes that the Chinese have of America (some accurate, some absurd, some insulting), one can similarly encounter American stereotypes of China in the US. - All Chinese know kungfu and dress like Huang Feihong. (Source: Jet Li, Jackie Chan, and Bruce Lee [Li Xiaolong]†¦show more content†¦And I would put China and the US in one category. - All Western countries are basically the same. This stereotype is the mirror of the American stereotype that all Eastern countries (China, Japan, Korea, etc.) are basically the same. Both stereotypes are completely false and are purely based on the perception that all foreigners look alike. - Most American college students dont study, party all of the time, and are ignorant of the outside world. This stereotype is pretty accurate. - Every American owns a gun. Roughly 25 per cent of American adults own a gun, which is extremely high compared to most other countries. But still, the vast majority of Americans do not own guns. Food In general, Americans love Chinese food. Chinese and Italian food are probably the two most popular types of food in the US. However, most of the Chinese food you will find in US restaurants is Americanized. You probably wont find things like stomach or intestines on the menu. Also, pork is not so popular in the US. Beef and chicken are much more popular in the US than pork. So dont be surprised if many Americans you meet dont like pork. One food stereotype that I have encountered among Chinese (and everyone else outside the US) is that all Americans eat McDonalds. I dont have any friends who like McDonalds. I hate it. Everyone I know hates it. I think McDonalds is probably more popular in other countries than it is here in the US. Of course, it is popular toShow MoreRelatedMedia Bias And Stereotypes : A Long Way Of Justify The Truth1534 Words   |  7 PagesMedia Bias and Stereotypes: a long way to justify the truth In the twenty-first century, China accomplishes great achievements in its economy, technology and diplomacy. As it becomes a country that has the fastest increasing rate in economy, masters spacecraft-building technics, and actively participates in International meetings and competitions, it draws the foreign media’s attention on exploring the country itself and presenting how its society and people are to their people who may not know muchRead MoreThe Impact Of Stereotypes And Stereotypes1178 Words   |  5 Pages The Impact of Stereotypes Stereotype: 1. A widely held but fixed and oversimplified image or idea of a particular type of person or thing. 2. A person or thing that conforms to a widely held but oversimplified image of the class or type to which they belong. Stereotypes are one of the most common issues, today and throughout history, that cause our nation to be divided. It has a problem inside and out of country. Stereotypes range from false guarantees to bad interpretations. According to FacingRead MoreA Program At Edmonds Community College1733 Words   |  7 PagesOn the most important part, choosing between retaining her old cultural values and assimilating into the American culture was always a struggle for her. As described by Holly, while she was in Alaska, she couldn’t decide on whether she should practice a new religion, whether she should avoid speaking Chinese with anyone or try to speak it whenever possible, or whether she should wear American or Chinese style clothing in public.20 Choosing between retaining old cultural identity and assimilatingRead MoreEssay about The Media as a Mirror of the Asian-American Women1566 Words   |  7 Pagescentury Hollywood movies of Asian American actresses. After watching those mo vies, what might the researchers conclude about the characteristics of Asian American women in the movies? Certainly, they will view Asian American women as sexual and erotic objects of the society that white men can score with ease. Why do I assume they will think that way? The answer is a simple, yet controversial one: mostly, the media, as the history proves, portrays Asian American women either as erotic sex slavesRead MoreOrientalism in M. Butterfly1278 Words   |  6 Pages She is petite, submissive, and great in bed, the greatest combination for the perfect woman. Yellow fever is the psychological inclination towards Asian woman that has been expressed by a portion of the male population. This stereotype is a part of orientalism that continues to be discussed amongst today’s society; it is deemed odd or labeled as a fetish. M. Butterfly a Tony Award playwright written by David Henry Hwang consists of ideas related to orientalism through the layers de velopedRead MoreEssay on North Eastern Chinese Stereotypes1383 Words   |  6 PagesA few decades ago, social scientists believed that only rigid, repressed and authoritarian people held stereotypes (Paul 18). However, according to several recent studies, stereotypes are unconsciously used by everyone in the world. Annie Murphy Paul proposes that stereotypes form because people categorize others into certain groups in terms of gender, age and race, and then evaluate them with in-group/out-group dynamics, which means that people look down upon those who are not in their group inRead MoreThe Story Shortcomings On Declining Of Miko s And Ben Relation1178 Words   |  5 PagesMiko and Ben had fights and Miko moved to New York City for an internship, the pressure got even worse. As we keep on reading the narrative, we get to know that it discusses stereotypes that impact our sense of identity and our outlook. The author Adrian has done a great work explaining different ways in which et hnic stereotypes can affect an individual mentally. The argument about Ben and Miko’s relationship provides a better understanding of race and identity and its impact and consequences onRead MoreGender Roles Of A Young Girl Saving China From The Huns1429 Words   |  6 Pagessubstantial role in telling the story of a young girl saving China from the Huns. At first glance, while the film may utilize an innocent plotline typically geared for young children, stereotypes and racist themes abound, prompting the question of how much of the movie is authentic, and how much of the film is the American perspective on Chinese culture. After an anthropological analysis of the film, it is seen that the gender stereotypes, use of accents, and racial differences not only assist theRead MoreShort Story: American Born Chinese682 Words   |  3 Pagesmakes her first trip to China to look for her half-sisters and family. For the purpose of this essay, I will highlight in details how the character finds her identity as a Chinese born in Ameri ca. The story explores stereotypes as part of humor and interior conflict (a person struggling within her own self to try to find answers to questions that bother her). During the train ride, the narrator introduces the symbolic setting of the story. The young student as much she is in China, she however has herRead MoreAmerican Born Chinese in ABC by Gene Yang Essay634 Words   |  3 Pagesare concerned about, either way people try to change who they are. In ABC, the author Yang reveals many common stereotypes about chinese people and the struggle they might have in fitting in. Chin-kee one of the main characters is very stereotypical and impacts Danny and Jin’s life greatly. Jin Wang the main character faces some problems fitting in because of his race and the stereotypes associated with it and changes himself in order to fit in. Chin-Kee is loud, obnoxious, and cant speak

Japanese Writing Systems

Kanji was introduced to Japan nearly 2,000 years ago. It is said that 50,000 kanji characters exist, though only about 5,000 to 10,000 are commonly used. After W.W.II, the Japanese government designated 1,945 basic characters as Joyo Kanji (commonly used kanji), which is used in textbooks and official writings. In Japan, one learns about the 1006 basic characters from Joyo Kanji, in elementary school. A lot of time is spent at school learning kanji. It would be very helpful for you to learn all the Joyo Kanji, but the basic 1,000 characters are sufficient to read about 90% of the kanji used in a newspaper (about 60% with 500 characters). Since childrens books use less kanji, they would be a good resource to practice your reading. There are other scripts to write Japanese beside kanji. They are hiragana and katakana. Japanese is commonly written with a combination of the all three. If you want to learn Japanese writing, start with hiragana and katakana, then kanji. Hiragana and katakana are simpler than kanji, and have only 46 characters each. It is possible to write an entire Japanese sentence in hiragana. Japanese children start to read and write in hiragana before making an attempt to learn some of the two thousand kanji commonly used. Here are some lessons about Japanese writing. Hiragana LessonsKatakana LessonsKanji Lessons

Risks and Responsibilities of Coaching Free Essays

string(33) " under the control of the coach\." The purpose of this paper is to look at the area of risk management with reference to the sport of swimming. There is no doubt that the ability to prevent any types of injury to athletes is of the utmost importance. The safety of the athletes should therefore be the primary concern of both facility managers and coaches. We will write a custom essay sample on Risks and Responsibilities of Coaching or any similar topic only for you Order Now By working together, one would hope, that all unnecessary injuries could be prevented. One of the most severe injuries that can occur is that of a spinal injury. The area of prevention that addresses this issue is that of spinal injury management and it will be looked at more closely later in this paper. Even with all the extra emphasis in this day and age on safety issues, these kinds of injuries are still far too prevalent. In 1996, Michael Berger and Judith Middleton state that in the United Kingdom, there are around 40,000 children each year that suffer from head injuries. Some of these individuals will have received severe injuries, in that they will have been unconscious for at least 20 minutes and so will most likely have suffered brain damage. The sport of swimming has the obvious danger of drowning. There are also potential risks of spinal injuries caused by collisions with the floor of the pool, the walls in the pool and other swimmers. Many other injuries can be the result of a slippery deck or training equipment not correctly stored away. There is also a risk of injury from the chemicals which are present at a pool such as chlorine. Aquatic injury prevention should be part of any facilities risk management program. Risk management involves identifying and reducing dangerous conditions that can cause injuries and financial loss. Thus, the aim of a risk management is in a way a kind of preventative medicine, to tackle the issue of a problem thus ensuring that those kinds of accidents will not occur. There are some that would contend that those individuals that suffer an injury are unfortunate victims of circumstance. Many injuries can be avoided through an understanding of the factors that can cause injuries to occur and then a knowledge of how to go about preventing such situations to occur. Charles Bucher and March Krotee (1998) explain that there is an added risk in any physical education exercise as opposed to a regular class because the children are moving around and not sitting in a chair. The hiring of competent, qualified and certified employees in crucial not only for the planning but also for the conducting and supervising of activities. By making these simple efforts, the risk of injury can be minimized. Not only should the staff be up to par but also any equipment used as well as the facility being as safe as it could be. All coaches need to have fully up to date certificates and licenses. All necessary measures need to be taken to prevent any injuries from occurring and the correct level of supervision is crucial. Bucher and Krotee explain that the coach is required to act promptly in performing first aid and CPR and nothing more. Coaches should always show all necessary levels of care in their professional activities. The American Red Cross (1995) suggest that by understanding how injuries are caused, this will help prevent them from occurring by increasing the staff†s awareness of risks and hazards, helping patrons to avoid risky behavior and developing an attitude of safety at your facility. The Institute of Swimming Teachers and Coaches (April 1997) explain that by identifying not only what is a potential hazard but also assessing their risk level, and then evaluating whether or not all necessary precautions have been taken, this should help to prevent anyone getting injured. The ISTC, were not only referring to swimmers as potential victims but also to coaches, teachers, lifeguards, cleaning staff and receptionists. According to Bucher and Krotee, there is no doubt in today†s society that there are ever more increasing cases of teachers, coaches, schools and teams being sued in court. It seems as though lawyers are readily available, also the public are becoming much more aware of their rights, as far as what they should be protected from a safety standpoint. It is suggested that the risk of legal action can be minimized by following some simple steps. Collecting all pertinent facts about the health of your athletes. Purchasing only the best equipment form the most reputable dealers and acquiring used equipment from companies renowned for high quality reconditioned merchandise. Not laying the blame of an injury on anyone verbally but by carefully wording the exact nature of the injury and the preceding events on an accident report. Good supervision and instruction in very important. An emergency action plan should be drawn up, rehearsed and be ready to be activated at a moment†s notice. All necessary insurance precaution should be taken. Perhaps this is the most comforting defense for a coach. According to the United States Swimming, Inc. 1998 Insurance Summary, all swimmers registered with United States Swimming are covered by the USS Insurance policy as long as the injury suffered by the member was received during an approved activity under the policy. All USS swimmers are covered when they are participating in competitions, meets or events sponsored or sanctioned by USS, participating in organized, scheduled practice sessions and in organized, supervised travel to and from sponsored and sanctioned events or organized, supervised practice sessions. Anthony McCaskey and Kenneth Biedzynski (1996) explain that coaches are those principally the defendants in law suits as it is generally agreed that coaches have the most control of those individuals in their respective sports. A coach may be found negligent if he does not follow his duty to conform to a standard conduct that protects others from unreasonable risk of harm. Participants are termed as either those directly or indirectly under the control of the coach. You read "Risks and Responsibilities of Coaching" in category "Essay examples" Case law demonstrates that coaches responsibilities include: supervision, training and instruction, safe usage of all equipment, provided high quality assistants, warning of potential dangers, providing prompt and correct medical care, preventing injuries to competing athletes. The American Red Cross (1993) explain that lawsuits are becoming a concern for those giving care. Hence in the case of an emergency, the lifeguards and coaches are becoming increasingly apprehensive about giving care to victims of injuries. The American Red Cross suggests that by being aware of some basic legal principles, individuals may lessen the chances that they may later be found to be negligent in some area or another. All lifeguards have a duty to care. That is, they are legally bound to provide care to a injured party if the giving of such care is laid out in their job description. The rescuer should follow a reasonable standard of care and failure to do so may result in a chance of being found negligent. The Good Samaritan Laws protect anyone giving care as long as they are not negligent and they act in good faith. Consent should always be obtained from the individual. If the victim is an adult and they refuse care, one must not force care upon them. In the case of a child, the consent must be obtained form a parent or guardian. Any victim that is either unconscious or confused is assumed to give implied consent as it is assumed that if that person were fully aware of their predicament, they would accept the care that was offered. To obtain consent, the rescuer must identify themselves to the victim, give their level of training, explain what could be wrong and explain what care is planned. Once care is begun, a rescuer cannot stop giving care until advanced medical professional arrive at the scene. Confidentiality must also be observed. Only the facility or team spokesperson may speak to attorneys or the media . A rescuer should only speak with law enforcement officers and the rescue squad when it arrives. Finally, record keeping is essential. The documentation is considered to be almost as important as the care itself. Bucher and Krotte (1998) state that coaches and instructors are expected to carry out their activities with all necessary levels of care. If this is not the case, then they are leaving themselves open to a potential lawsuit filed against them for negligence. There is a requirement for the coach or instructor to take protective measures. Failure to do so will result in a lawsuit. In Roth versus New York (1942), all necessary measures were taken and a bather drowned after walking into deep water. There was nothing to stop this happening. The state was found to be liable. Bucher and Krotee explain that the failure to supervise correctly is the most commonly litigated situation. By having alert lifeguards and coaches, a facility can seriously reduce to chances of injuries occurring. According to the American Red Cross (1995), effective surveillance has four elements. The ability to recognize the ways in which a drowning or distressed swimmer behave in the pool. An example of this would be that a swimmers would have rhythmic breathing, relatively coordinated movements, have a horizontal body position and be making recognizable forward progress in the water. In contrast a distressed swimmer would be breathing but also be calling for help, waving and be making very little forward progress in the water, if any at all. A passive drowning victim would be considerably different to a swimmer. A Passive drowning victim would not be breathing, have no arm or leg movement, could be face down near the surface or in a submerged position and so obviously would be making no forward motion in the pool. Appropriate scanning techniques should also be employed to locate swimmers having problems in the pool. Lifeguards should be carefully and strategically placed throughout the facility. Each lifeguard should be fully aware of their responsibilities. Coaches are responsible for teaching swimmers all necessary skills to compete, the correct procedures to reduce the risks of injury and making sure that their swimmers are physically fit enough to compete. The failure to provide adequate training or instruction to reduce the risk of injury has been a commonly cited reason in recent litigation. Supervision is absolutely critical when the consequences of depriving the body of oxygen are considered. Soon after breathing stops, then too will the heart. After six minutes or so, brain damage is possible. Between six and ten minutes without breathing, brain damage is likely. If breathing is stopped for more than ten minutes, usually the brain damage is irreversible. Thus it is very important to be aware of the varying depths of water within the pool. In this way it is much easier to make sure that the children do not wander into water which is too deep for them. Also, this could help prevent spinal injuries from occurring by making patrons aware of when and where in the pool it is considered safe to dive. Without doubt, patron surveillance is one of the most important parts of a risk management strategy. The Certified Pool Operator (Fall 1997) states that it is very important to regulate the use of pools, by watching children and though constant supervision of the pool. The Institute of Swimming Teachers and Coaches (April 1997) mentioned that in some pools there may be blind spots resulting from the positioning of features, glares and reflections. All of these factors can hinder surveillance and so through careful planning, these problems should be attempted to be eliminated by strategic placing of lifeguards. This comes directly under the realms of a good risk management program. According to the Certified Pool Operator (Fall 1997), it is critical to identify areas of the pool that become slippery when wet. These range from the deck itself to corridors leading to and from the pool, locker rooms and snack areas. Communication can be used as a tool for helping to prevent injury and so is considered another ‘gear in the engine† of risk management. Patrons need to be made aware of potentials for injury. They also need to be educated as to the risks from inappropriate behavior. All rules and regulations necessary for the prevention of injuries need to be forcibly enforced. Signs are needed to warn pool users of danger areas. Since spinal injuries are more common in individuals visiting facilities for the first time and so are unaware of shallow areas. The side of the pool itself needs to be mark both on the deck it self and on the side of the wall facing the water to warn swimmers in the pool as to the changing depth of the water that they are in. In addition to signs depicting â€Å"No Diving† and the depth of the water, facility rules and regulations should also be clearly displayed. Running should never take place around the pool. As the side of the pool gets wet, it become treacherous. Signs should be posted prohibiting to consumption of food and drinks in and around the pool. There is the obvious potential for injury from broken glass on the pool deck or in the pool from bottles that are accidental dropped on the pool side. Pool rules are not designed to prevent the patrons from having fun but more so to allow them to have fun in a hopefully relatively risk free environment. The pool rules should be displayed clearly on the wall of the pool. There are many great examples of pool rules, on would be that diving is only permitted in diving designated areas. The deck needs to be checked daily for loose floor materials. There is also a risk for standing water on the deck itself. All such findings should be immediately reported to the facility manager. The deck should be kept clear of equipment and anything else that could be a potential hazard. The American Red Cross (1992) recommends that in areas where the water is less than five feet deep, there should be signs clearly stating ‘Danger-Shallow Water- No Diving†. It is suggested that these signs are close to the edge of the pool in contrasting colors to the pool deck. If starting blocks are removable, they should be during recreational periods and should be stored in a safe location. If they are not easily removable, then they should be coned off or clearly marking as out of use to recreational swimmers. All kick boards and pull buoys should be stored away in their correct location and not left strewn about the pool deck. Any item left on the pool deck is a hazard. Any risk management program would include keeping the deck clear of obstructions. The American Red Cross (1988) states that all rescue and first aid equipment should inspected on a regular basis. This equipment should also be easily accessible. Any piece of equipment that is found to be damaged in any way should be removed, repaired or replaced immediately. Following an emergency, all equipment that is used should be replaced promptly. Other areas should also be checked on a regular basis, such as the showers, locker rooms and restrooms which should be kept clean and hazard free. Coaches are also responsible for taking all necessary measures to ensure that all equipment used by their swimmers is of an adequate standard. This issue is far more critical in a contact sport such as football where inadequate padding may lead to serious injury. Anyone working with chlorine should wear protective clothing such as gloves, goggles and clothing covering the rest of the body to minimize the risks of chlorine coming in contact with the naked flesh. Chlorine can enter the blood via absorption through the skin. Direct contact with the eyes can cause severe injuries. The American Red Cross (1995) terms chemical hazards as harmful or potentially harmful substances in and around the pool. Storage areas of chemicals should be clearly marked hence warning both staff and patrons of possible dangers. The doors to such storage areas should be kept locked. Any suspicious odors in these regions should be reported immediately. The American Red Cross (1992) recommend storing all chemicals and chemical testing kits in child proof containers and out of children†s reach. Every year many individuals are injured from diving related injuries. These injuries are usually caused by collisions with the bottom and sides of the pool. Thus it is of paramount importance that coaches and instructors take all precautions to prevent such injuries form occurring. Diving should not be taught unless all necessary safety equipment in readily available such as a back board and staff trained in spinal injury management are present. Coaches should make sure that all swimmers are educated in the obvious safety precautions. Never dive when someone else is in the water in front of you. All dives should be of a flat nature. All swimmers should enter the water fingers first and not head first, thus helping to cushioning the blow should the swimmer crash into the floor if the pool. Never hold or position objects in the pool. A great example as to why it important to keep the diving area clear of obstructions is given by the American Red Cross (1992), which referred to the case Bill Brooks. One day, he dived into a pool and hit his head on an inner tube. He could remember laying face down in the water and being unable to move. Brooks, who once played college baseball, is now a C5 quadriplegic and will never walk again. The best protection against possible injuries is an informed, safety-conscious swimmer. The Certified Pool Operator (Fall 1997) stated that in a typical year there are about 400 events that result in a quadriplegic injury in aquatic environments. According to the CPO, a quarter of these occurred in pools. The article went onto explain that 95% of the pool related injuries occurred in the shallow ends of pools. Through careful supervision and prudent coaching, swimmers can be educated as to safe methods of entry into shallow water. The Swimming Times (1997) suggests that the depth of the water should be taken into account in relation to the ability and height of the pupils. Hence, none swimmers should not be taught in water that is ten feet deep and likewise, competitive swimmers should not be coached in shallow water. McCaskey and Biedzynski (1996) swimming incident rates come be totally eliminated if swimmers did not use racing dives into shallow water during practice or meets. According to McCaskey and Biedzynski, there has not been a direct injury in college swimming since a non-fatal one in 1982. The American Red Cross (1995) reveals that sports related injuries account for 13% of all spinal injuries. These figures were derived from the National Spinal Cord Injuries Data Base. According to the American Red Cross, about 1000 people each year suffer spinal injuries from diving mishaps. The American Red Cross suggests the following ways to help prevent the occurrence of such injuries. The water depth should always be ascertained before entering. Only trained swimmers should be using the starting blocks. Coaches should be aware of these aspects and make sure they correctly supervise their swimmers during warm ups at competitions and at practice. All these measures mentioned so far in the paper appear to be obvious, but unless they are adhered to tightly then mishaps can occur. It is not worth gambling with your swimmers† health. If a suspected spinal injury occurs, then the area must be stabilized and immobilized. There are certain situations when a spinal injury must always be assumed to have occurred. It is always better to be safe than sorry. If proper precautions are not taken when caring for injured victims, then that lack of risk management leaves the coach and facility open to legal action. A spinal injury should be assumed for any injury involving a diving board, diving into shallow water, a fall from a height greater than that of the victim†s height. Also any visible bumps or depressions to the head, altered consciousness or complaints of back or neck pain from the victim. In some cases, the victim may be face down in the water. Although, the victim should be moved as little as possible following a suspected spinal injury, in this situation, the victim needs to be removed form the water. If the victim is not removed, drowning will take place, the heart will stop and soon there after, brain damage will occur. The American Red Cross First Aid Manual (1993) explains that head injuries can rupture blood vessels in the brain causing pressure to build up leading to brain damage. The American Red Cross (1992) describes the typical recipient of a diving injury as a first time visitor to a location, not warned by a sign about the potential dangers, when lifeguards were not present and the water depth was less than four feet deep. Any good risk management program could dramatically reduce the risk of this kind of injury. By having vigilant lifeguards, water depths clearly marked and no diving signs clearly posted on the deck, most of the risk can be reduced. These are all components of a well rounded risk management program. Since most spinal injuries occur when a person dives into water less than five feet deep, on arriving at a pool, a coach should check the poolside for all relevant safety warnings and make his swimmers aware of this risks. The facility staff should also be highly alert at all times. All pools should have an emergency action plan. The EAP should explain exactly what procedure should be followed in the event of an aquatic emergency. The initiation of the EAP is the responsibility of the lifeguard. A typical signal to all pool patrons and staff is three long blows of a whistle. This would draw the attentions of the other pool patrons and then they would be more easily removed from the water for the protection of the victim. Also, other staff members throughout the building would be alerted of the EAP being activated. The next stage is to begin whatever rescue or emergency action that needs to be taken. After determining the nature and extent of the emergency, another lifeguard or staff member will call the police, fire or rescue squad as necessary. The emergency number is usually 911 but may vary from area to area. If the pool a which you coach is in a new area, it is your responsibility to make sure that you are fully aware of the number to call in the event of an emergency. The required first aid should be continued be given to the victim until advanced medical care arrives. Once care is commenced, it cannot be withdrawn, if it is, this constitutes abandonment which is a liable situation. Once advanced medical care arrives, all necessary accident reports are filled and the aid in crowd control. More often than not, only one person is designated as the spokesperson for a facility. This person and this person only is allowed to talk to anyone except for the police and the rescue squad. The Institute of Swimming Teachers and Coaches (April 1997) explains that whether or not a pool operator believes that his pool is a high or low risk facility, it is essential to have an emergency action plan. According to the ISTC, an emergency is anything considered to of danger to a bather or employee. The following all come under that general description. Overcrowding is a situation where too many people are in a confined area. This could be fatal in a swimming pool. A good risk management program would outline maximum numbers for a pool. These levels would be set well below that of over crowding, hopefully eliminating this risk. Disorderly behavior is also a common cause of emergencies. With vigilant surveillance and firm enforcing of pool rules and regulations, this too could be eliminated as a risk. Lack of water clarity will occur when the chemical levels in pool be out of balance. This too is a liability. If a child dives into water which he assumes to be deep but is in fact shallow, this could lead to a lawsuit. Especially because of the fact that the water clarity may have directly affected that child†s judgement. The ISTC explains that as a coach, it is your responsibility to know how to raise the alarm, how to get help form other staff members, how to initiate the appropriate rescue, who should summon the emergency services and so on. Qualified lifeguards are trained to act as a team in the case of an emergency, thus it is crucial for a coach or instructor to be able to contribute positively to an emergency situation. The Institute of Swimming Teachers and Coaches (May 1997) states that teachers and coaches must be trained in what to do in the case of an emergency and in turn should make the pupils understand and be aware of the procedures involved in the EAP. The pupils needs to know where to congregate in case of an emergency and possibly if they will be required to stand near a particular doorway to attract the attention of the advanced medical care when it arrives. The Institute of Swimming Teachers and Coaches (1996) stated that 93% of the schools in a survey had a formal emergency action plan. Two schools stated that they did not have one. Most of the schools in this survey had had swimming as part of their curriculum for more than six years. Coaches and other facility staff should go through regular in service days to rehearse emergency procedures. The emergency action plan should be rehearsed most importantly. For this procedure is what could make the difference between life and death for a victim. In service training should cover the following points: review the potential hazards at the facility, review and update rules and regulations, practice the emergency action plan , practice rescue skills, carry out physical conditioning. Following an emergency, an accident report needs be filled out by the members of staff involved. The facility information such as address and phone number. Personal data of the injured party should also be included: name, age, sex, address. The location of the incident should be included as well as the a description of the incident. It is very important to include what care was provided; was medical attention welcomed by the victim or refused? All of these issues are very important as law suits are far too prevalent in this day and age. Remember, consent must be obtained from the victim. To obtain this, the care provider must identify himself to the victim, give his level of training, explain what he thinks is wrong and then explain what he plans to do. If the victim refuses care, the care provider must try to convince the victim to receive care. According to the American Red Cross (1993), record keeping is nearly as important as the actual care given. The record is a legal document and is vital if legal action is taken. Risk management is an important function of a sport program. A coach should be fully aware of all legal and ethical responsibilities that come with his position. Any form of negligence on his or her behalf resulting in increased risks of injury can lead to the increased chances of legal action. Risk management is not only concerned with limiting the chance of injuries being suffered but also reducing the chances of financial losses following such an incident. Coaches† Quarterly (1998) states that effective in 1998, all United States Swimming coaches must have the following qualifications: Safety Training for Swim Coaches, First Aid and CPR. The Certified Pool Operator (1997) blames the individuals for their careless behavior. According to the article, pools are becoming safer. The main reasons for injuries today are victim†s carelessness. In a perfect world no one would need to know rescue techniques. Everyone would be careful, and safety would not be a problem. But ours is not a perfect world. Because of dangerous situations, careless or carefree people, and changing water conditions, many dangers are in and around water. Risk management in a pool environment is basically concerned with aquatic injury prevention. A highly developed risk management program will substantially reduce the risks of injury. By understanding how injuries are caused, one can better prevent them. Effective communication with patrons is critical for helping to prevent injuries. Through this communication, the patrons can have fun in a safer environment. How to cite Risks and Responsibilities of Coaching, Essay examples

The House on Mango Street by Sandra Cisneros Essay Example For Students

The House on Mango Street by Sandra Cisneros Essay English, 6th Period October 31, 2000 The House on Mango Street by Sandra Cisneros Essay is one of the finest childrens book ever composed. It portrays a young girls life through normal occasions, with simple descriptions. The young girl, Esperanza, enters her own authority and arranges herself to what she will become. The chapters are brilliantly written in the order of a child remembrance of events or people. We will write a custom essay on The House on Mango Street by Sandra Cisneros specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now My favorite chapter is Elenita, Cards, Palm Water. Esperanza hires Elenita, a witch woman, to perform a fortune analysis in seek of information about a house. Elenita revealed information about home in the heart. Esperanza inferred this to be news of a new house made of heart. The actions in this chapter are basically realistic. The author is able to present a visual representation of an actual fortune reading, with a perfect balance of future perception and pure humor. I imagined a old, Latino, Catholic woman in her own home reading my fortune as I read this chapter. And children were watching Bugs Bunny on TV. Papa Who Wakes Up Tired in the Dark is a chapter that I can relate to. Esperanzas grandfather passes away and her father delivers this news. Esperanza notices her fathers emotions of pain and grief because it was extremely uncommon for her father to expose these feelings. My own grandmother passed on from a heart attack and my father was the messenger. After informing me of this unfortunate news he emotionally collapsed. I, like Esperanza, did not know what to do next, as this was rare. So, I allowed him to grieve without any interruption. . The House on Mango Street by Sandra Cisneros Essay Example For Students The House on Mango Street by Sandra Cisneros Essay English, 6th Period October 31, 2000 The House on Mango Street by Sandra Cisneros Essay is one of the finest childrens book ever composed. It portrays a young girls life through normal occasions, with simple descriptions. The young girl, Esperanza, enters her own authority and arranges herself to what she will become. The chapters are brilliantly written in the order of a child remembrance of events or people. My favorite chapter is Elenita, Cards, Palm Water. Esperanza hires Elenita, a witch woman, to perform a fortune analysis in seek of information about a house. Elenita revealed information about home in the heart. Esperanza inferred this to be news of a new house made of heart. The actions in this chapter are basically realistic. The author is able to present a visual representation of an actual fortune reading, with a perfect balance of future perception and pure humor. I imagined a old, Latino, Catholic woman in her own home reading my fortune as I read this chapter. We will write a custom essay on The House on Mango Street by Sandra Cisneros specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now And children were watching Bugs Bunny on TV. Papa Who Wakes Up Tired in the Dark is a chapter that I can relate to. Esperanzas grandfather passes away and her father delivers this news. Esperanza notices her fathers emotions of pain and grief because it was extremely uncommon for her father to expose these feelings. My own grandmother passed on from a heart attack and my father was the messenger. After informing me of this unfortunate news he emotionally collapsed. I, like Esperanza, did not know what to do next, as this was rare. So, I allowed him to grieve without any interruption. .

50 Best Topics and Ideas for a Persuasive Essay

50 Best Topics and Ideas for a Persuasive Essay The goal of everyone who writes a persuasive essay is to convince readers to accept a certain point. You have to write about various ideas and prove that one of them is right, as well as others are wrong. Your arguments must be logical. Persuasive essays are somewhat similar to argumentative essays, but these two types also have many differences. For example, argumentative essays imply a discussion which may help you prove your point. Persuasive essays require you to write in details all arguments that support your point, so that readers could accept it as the only right one. No matter what topic you have, your point must be expressed clearly, and your essay must leave readers with no doubts. Usually, students get a certain topic assigned, so they dont have an advantage of choosing it themselves. On the contrary, when you can choose a topic yourself, it simplifies your task significantly, since you can do a choice in favor of the most familiar subject. At the same time, some students would rather take an assigned topic, because they are not sure what to write about. If this is exactly your case, we can help you with a list of good topics. How to Choose a Topic We already mentioned that this type of essay requires special attention paid to your particular point. Your opinion is the most important part of the paper, and its what defines the whole chain of arguments and evidence. Dont try to impress your instructor, think what seems to be your favorite topic, what you know best. At the same time, we suggest considering the audience, since such an essay must convince them. A great advantage of choosing a topic yourself is that it gives you additional motivation. Writing on your favorite topic, you will work better, paying attention to all details, and thinking about your style. Moreover, you will be involved in the process, since you want to prove a point that is really valuable to you. Check out a few useful tips that may help you choose a topic worth writing with passion: Always brainstorm ideas. Call your friends or meet with other students, and discuss as many ideas as possible. You all will profit from it, since such an approach provides you with many creative thoughts that may be used in work. Note everything that looks interesting. When you have a list of interesting ideas, you have a range to choose from, and you can sort your thoughts by priority. If you narrow your topic, it will be easier for you to write about it. Make your topic specific, and youll be able to convince your readers easily, because your point will be specific and clear. Dont forget to discuss something that you really like. Write about something that touches your emotions, because emotions are a very important tool for convincing. And last but not least: remember that providing readers with most detailed information isnt your main agenda. They have to accept your opinion, and you need as many facts as it takes. Easy Topics for Persuasive Essays Social isolation and social media. Exotic pets. Is the school schedule optimal? Should kids by soda in restaurants? Breastfeeding in public. Dependence on technologies. Criminal responsibilities of parents. Professional football: is it too dangerous? Dress code in the workplace. Athletes: are they overpaid? Controversial Topics Hunting and its role in the development of small business. Adoption by single parents. Climate change issue: is it political or scientific? Does childhood determine sexual orientation? Should euthanasia be legal? Do most people all over the world benefit from religious freedom? Whether or not Israeli-Palestinian conflict can be solved? Capital punishment: is it a crime? Certification of parents who want to have children. Is human behavior determined by genetics? Best Topics for College Essays How smartphones affect concentration? Marriage between people with the same level of education. Is online education more effective than the classical method? Girls in football and wrestling. Work and college. Are private schools better than private ones? The efficiency of grades as an indicator of how smart students are. Should foreign languages be required in universities? Homeschooling as a preparation for a university. Should we read more books? Topics for Masters Degree Essays Free healthcare. Are any things really good or evil? Should the internet be free? Helping others: can it make you happy? Should smokers pay special taxes? Do young women receive negative signals from magazine advertisements? An impact of TV violence on people. The right for euthanasia for people with terminal illnesses. Is current driving age optimal? What role model celebrities show kids? Still Have Problems? Get Our Help! Choosing a topic may be not the only problem for you. If it looks like you never will write a really good essay, we suggest relying on our professional team of graduated experts. We will write your essay fast and good, and we always care about every client!

50 Best Topics and Ideas for a Persuasive Essay

50 Best Topics and Ideas for a Persuasive Essay The goal of everyone who writes a persuasive essay is to convince readers to accept a certain point. You have to write about various ideas and prove that one of them is right, as well as others are wrong. Your arguments must be logical. Persuasive essays are somewhat similar to argumentative essays, but these two types also have many differences. For example, argumentative essays imply a discussion which may help you prove your point. Persuasive essays require you to write in details all arguments that support your point, so that readers could accept it as the only right one. No matter what topic you have, your point must be expressed clearly, and your essay must leave readers with no doubts. Usually, students get a certain topic assigned, so they dont have an advantage of choosing it themselves. On the contrary, when you can choose a topic yourself, it simplifies your task significantly, since you can do a choice in favor of the most familiar subject. At the same time, some students would rather take an assigned topic, because they are not sure what to write about. If this is exactly your case, we can help you with a list of good topics. How to Choose a Topic We already mentioned that this type of essay requires special attention paid to your particular point. Your opinion is the most important part of the paper, and its what defines the whole chain of arguments and evidence. Dont try to impress your instructor, think what seems to be your favorite topic, what you know best. At the same time, we suggest considering the audience, since such an essay must convince them. A great advantage of choosing a topic yourself is that it gives you additional motivation. Writing on your favorite topic, you will work better, paying attention to all details, and thinking about your style. Moreover, you will be involved in the process, since you want to prove a point that is really valuable to you. Check out a few useful tips that may help you choose a topic worth writing with passion: Always brainstorm ideas. Call your friends or meet with other students, and discuss as many ideas as possible. You all will profit from it, since such an approach provides you with many creative thoughts that may be used in work. Note everything that looks interesting. When you have a list of interesting ideas, you have a range to choose from, and you can sort your thoughts by priority. If you narrow your topic, it will be easier for you to write about it. Make your topic specific, and youll be able to convince your readers easily, because your point will be specific and clear. Dont forget to discuss something that you really like. Write about something that touches your emotions, because emotions are a very important tool for convincing. And last but not least: remember that providing readers with most detailed information isnt your main agenda. They have to accept your opinion, and you need as many facts as it takes. Easy Topics for Persuasive Essays Social isolation and social media. Exotic pets. Is the school schedule optimal? Should kids by soda in restaurants? Breastfeeding in public. Dependence on technologies. Criminal responsibilities of parents. Professional football: is it too dangerous? Dress code in the workplace. Athletes: are they overpaid? Controversial Topics Hunting and its role in the development of small business. Adoption by single parents. Climate change issue: is it political or scientific? Does childhood determine sexual orientation? Should euthanasia be legal? Do most people all over the world benefit from religious freedom? Whether or not Israeli-Palestinian conflict can be solved? Capital punishment: is it a crime? Certification of parents who want to have children. Is human behavior determined by genetics? Best Topics for College Essays How smartphones affect concentration? Marriage between people with the same level of education. Is online education more effective than the classical method? Girls in football and wrestling. Work and college. Are private schools better than private ones? The efficiency of grades as an indicator of how smart students are. Should foreign languages be required in universities? Homeschooling as a preparation for a university. Should we read more books? Topics for Masters Degree Essays Free healthcare. Are any things really good or evil? Should the internet be free? Helping others: can it make you happy? Should smokers pay special taxes? Do young women receive negative signals from magazine advertisements? An impact of TV violence on people. The right for euthanasia for people with terminal illnesses. Is current driving age optimal? What role model celebrities show kids? Still Have Problems? Get Our Help! Choosing a topic may be not the only problem for you. If it looks like you never will write a really good essay, we suggest relying on our professional team of graduated experts. We will write your essay fast and good, and we always care about every client!

50 Best Topics and Ideas for a Persuasive Essay

50 Best Topics and Ideas for a Persuasive Essay The goal of everyone who writes a persuasive essay is to convince readers to accept a certain point. You have to write about various ideas and prove that one of them is right, as well as others are wrong. Your arguments must be logical. Persuasive essays are somewhat similar to argumentative essays, but these two types also have many differences. For example, argumentative essays imply a discussion which may help you prove your point. Persuasive essays require you to write in details all arguments that support your point, so that readers could accept it as the only right one. No matter what topic you have, your point must be expressed clearly, and your essay must leave readers with no doubts. Usually, students get a certain topic assigned, so they dont have an advantage of choosing it themselves. On the contrary, when you can choose a topic yourself, it simplifies your task significantly, since you can do a choice in favor of the most familiar subject. At the same time, some students would rather take an assigned topic, because they are not sure what to write about. If this is exactly your case, we can help you with a list of good topics. How to Choose a Topic We already mentioned that this type of essay requires special attention paid to your particular point. Your opinion is the most important part of the paper, and its what defines the whole chain of arguments and evidence. Dont try to impress your instructor, think what seems to be your favorite topic, what you know best. At the same time, we suggest considering the audience, since such an essay must convince them. A great advantage of choosing a topic yourself is that it gives you additional motivation. Writing on your favorite topic, you will work better, paying attention to all details, and thinking about your style. Moreover, you will be involved in the process, since you want to prove a point that is really valuable to you. Check out a few useful tips that may help you choose a topic worth writing with passion: Always brainstorm ideas. Call your friends or meet with other students, and discuss as many ideas as possible. You all will profit from it, since such an approach provides you with many creative thoughts that may be used in work. Note everything that looks interesting. When you have a list of interesting ideas, you have a range to choose from, and you can sort your thoughts by priority. If you narrow your topic, it will be easier for you to write about it. Make your topic specific, and youll be able to convince your readers easily, because your point will be specific and clear. Dont forget to discuss something that you really like. Write about something that touches your emotions, because emotions are a very important tool for convincing. And last but not least: remember that providing readers with most detailed information isnt your main agenda. They have to accept your opinion, and you need as many facts as it takes. Easy Topics for Persuasive Essays Social isolation and social media. Exotic pets. Is the school schedule optimal? Should kids by soda in restaurants? Breastfeeding in public. Dependence on technologies. Criminal responsibilities of parents. Professional football: is it too dangerous? Dress code in the workplace. Athletes: are they overpaid? Controversial Topics Hunting and its role in the development of small business. Adoption by single parents. Climate change issue: is it political or scientific? Does childhood determine sexual orientation? Should euthanasia be legal? Do most people all over the world benefit from religious freedom? Whether or not Israeli-Palestinian conflict can be solved? Capital punishment: is it a crime? Certification of parents who want to have children. Is human behavior determined by genetics? Best Topics for College Essays How smartphones affect concentration? Marriage between people with the same level of education. Is online education more effective than the classical method? Girls in football and wrestling. Work and college. Are private schools better than private ones? The efficiency of grades as an indicator of how smart students are. Should foreign languages be required in universities? Homeschooling as a preparation for a university. Should we read more books? Topics for Masters Degree Essays Free healthcare. Are any things really good or evil? Should the internet be free? Helping others: can it make you happy? Should smokers pay special taxes? Do young women receive negative signals from magazine advertisements? An impact of TV violence on people. The right for euthanasia for people with terminal illnesses. Is current driving age optimal? What role model celebrities show kids? Still Have Problems? Get Our Help! Choosing a topic may be not the only problem for you. If it looks like you never will write a really good essay, we suggest relying on our professional team of graduated experts. We will write your essay fast and good, and we always care about every client!

We Like it Fresh What Womens Magazine Editors Want

We Like it Fresh What Womens Magazine Editors Want Every month, without fail, I vow to give up writing for women’s magazines. It’s usually when an editor I’ve worked with (or worse, never worked with before) has asked for â€Å"fresh† ideas and I’ve racked my brain from here to eternity and come up empty. I hate the word â€Å"fresh.† Because the truth is, what my editors at women’s magazines want is not fresh. What they want is â€Å"evergreen† - another word I learned as a new writer that I’ve come to detest. How do you write a story that’s evergreen but fresh, and oh, has tips no one’s ever read before? Figure that out and the world of $2 per word markets suddenly opens up to you. Here’s how to make dull stories interesting, twist headlines to make cover lines that entice, and come up with ideas that make editors jump with joy. * Practice your copywriting skills: One of the best ways to take a stale, overdone idea and make it interesting is to think up a really clever headline. Copywriters know that they only have a few seconds to grab someone’s attention, so they spend hours crafting the perfect headline. This is exactly what you should be doing, too. Take your time coming up with a headline that will grab an editor’s attention immediately. Make her want to read your pitch and you have a sale. * Throw different and distinct ideas together: I like to come up with absolutely random subjects that, on the surface, have nothing to do with each other and brainstorm story ideas that use both. For instance, take friendship and confidence, two topics women’s magazines love and put them together to create â€Å"Are Your Rich Friends Wreaking Havoc on Your Self Esteem?† * Be specific and use numbers when possible: Women’s magazines have known for decades what the online world is only just discovering: People love lists. The longer, the better. Come up with 101 ways to do something, be something, know something, and you have a winner. Remember to make the list clever. The 101 ways to be happier idea just makes them sad because it’s been done 101 times. Be specific, too. If you’re talking about saving money, don’t say â€Å"How to Save Money.† Say, â€Å"How I Saved $1,389 in a Month.† * Appeal to an emotion: Many of us, when we first start writing for women’s magazines think about solving problems. That’s usually what all the books and guides advise, too, so you’re certainly not alone if you’ve gone down this path. The difficulty with this approach, however, is that there isn’t a problem you can think of that a woman’s magazine hasn’t already solved for its readers. So unless you can come up with a unique problem (or a unique solution), my suggestion is to be counterintuitive, personalize your approach, and appeal to a reader’s emotions. â€Å"How Asking for a Divorce Strengthened My Marriage,† is a good example. * Test the tips: Another great way to find unique women’s magazine stories (and to have a lot of fun researching them) is to take several theories that have been advocated The great thing about women’s magazines (other than that they pay well) is that they’re always hungry for writers who can bring new twists to old ideas. Do that and you’ll have steady clients for years to come. **

International Expansion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

International Expansion - Essay Example Using a common standard, which was gold in early times, a nation is wealthier if it possesses more gold. It receives gold for the products it imports and pays for its imports with gold. Therefore, the more it exports over those it imports, the more gold it will possess. The problem with this theory is that it excludes the fact that in some cases it is good to import. And if you completely refuse to import, the population would have to do with some consumer items (Richardson, 2007). In terms of business organizations, this theory was used by many companies in Japan after the second world war, to increase exports. Toyota started operations in the 1930s and was supported by the Japanese government during WWII because of the company's capability to produce trucks for military applications. Because of the scarcity of domestic resources at that time, the Japanese government stopped almost all imports. By 1945, after the allied forces won the war, Toyota was given permission by the US milit ary to start peacetime production. In 1957, Toyota set up a sales office in Hollywood and started selling Toyopets and Land Cruisers (Toyota, n.d.). However, even for Toyota, the purist application of the mercantilist theory was not effective. The design of Japanese cars were not those desired in the new markets they opened up in other countries. Toyota could not force the Americans to buy their Japanese cars, which defeated the purpose of exporting to increase exports versus imports. Instead, what Toyota did was to localize both production and design of its products. By 1967, Toyota had become a well-established automotive company in the United States (Toyota, n.d.). The Theory of Absolute Advantage theorizes that countries should specialize in producing what they are best at (Richardson, 2007). A country has an absolute advantage over another, if it can produce that good using fewer resources than the other (Absolute Advantage, 2008). In the 16th century the Swiss watch and clock industry was very active in Geneva and to this day, the reputation of Swiss watches is the highest worldwide. Geneva itself was already exporting more than 60,000 watches annually by 1790 (Swiss Watch, 2008). Switzerland's expertise in watch making may be considered as an absolute advantage. One of the most successful Swiss watch companies is Omega, founded in 1848 by Loui Brandt. Four years later, Omega was the largest producer of watches in Switzerland with 240,000 units produced annually (Omega, n.d.). "Today, seven out of ten people throughout the world are familiar with the OMEGA watch brand" (Hamel, n.d.). Omega has been applying the absolute advantage theory in its international expansion drives. Its absolute advantage is the reliably fine quality of its watches which has stood the test of time. However, that absolute advantage may be true for Omega as a brand, in general, but may not be applicable on a product to product basis. This is because other Swiss watch companies, and many other watch companies around the world strive to compete with Omega products to make their own brand the alternative choice. The Theory of Comparative Advantage, on the other hand, is an extension of the range of possible mutually beneficial exchanges. The theory says that it is not necessary to have an absolute advantage to gain from trade, only a comparative advantage. As long as one can produce certain goods at a lower cost, even if other

Personal statement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 18

Personal statement - Essay Example As a post-graduate course, I also believe that pursuing an MSc will substantially aid my career growth enhancing my abilities to contribute in the development of any organisation. The field of business along with money management remained the focus of my attention since long. The aspect of managing individuals in the field of work always managed to grab my attention effectively. However, my interests and engagements during my early days remained different from what it is now. I also have a working experience which I did during my summer holidays from the year 2009 to 2011. My work experiences include working with a Marine company in Nigeria where I was employed as a personal assistant. The company was chiefly engaged with letting out maintenance as well as oil refining equipments. I was required to handle the dealings of the equipments along with maintaining the finances as well as the inventory. I also had to communicate with the numerous clients of the company along with comprehending their actual needs which helped me to serve them better and ensure their satisfaction towards the company. I had also worked in an electronics store as a sales assistant. My job responsibilities involved generating sales for the company, catering to the demands and the requests of the customers along with maintaining a record of the stock and solving the queries or rather looking into the complaints of the customers and solving them. It is quite evident from my past jobs that my responsibilities involved having a complete knowledge of the business dealings along with effectively and competently handling the resources of the companies with the purpose of attaining the specified aims as well as objectives of those companies. My job responsibilities made it necessary for me to keep a vigil on the entire business process from the initiation to the completion of the intended dealings. Although I have sound knowledge regarding the aspects of overall business and HRM that was acquired

Strategies for Internationalisation

Strategies for Internationalisation EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The report looks at the entry strategies available for an organization wishing to internationalize. It describes the internationalization strategy; the risks associated with it, and give examples of the type of businesses that are suitable for each type of strategy. Globalization is the process by which regional, economies, societies and cultures have become integrated through a global network of communication, transportation and trade.(Wikipedia 21 nov,2010) Advancements in technology like the internet, television and other communication tools have driven markets to be more integrated. Customers demands the world over, are becoming more similar with each day, hence the convergence of markets. Unlike in the past, a person in India can buy a product from any part of the world; it does not necessarily have to be made in India. The procurement of products or services from an independent supplier or company owned subsidiaries located abroad for consumption in the home country or third country is called global sourcing. CAVUSGIL at al. (2008) international business 1st edition. New Jersey; Pearson Prentice Hall. This ability of individuals and companies to buy products from any part of the world has taken competition to a different level because a firm in Zambia has to take all companies in the world producing products similar to its own as competitors despite geographic dispersion. With competition being on a global scale, firms cannot afford to just serve one market. They have to either offer its current products to a new market, or come up with new products for its current, or for a new market in order to mitigate risk of loss if conditions become adverse in one market. Before a company internationalizes, it must first assess if it is ready, and which countries have attractive markets. It must follow the order of:- Analyzing its readiness to internationalize, Assessing the suitability of its products and services for foreign markets, Screening countries to identify attractive target markets, Assessing the industry market demand for its products or services in the selected target market Selecting qualified business partners, like distributors and suppliers, and Estimating the companys sales potential in the target market. CAVUSGIL at al. (2008) international business 1st edition. New Jersey; Pearson Prentice Hall. The process where a company decides to increase its current market is called market penetration. Market penetration as a strategy has low risk because the firm is operating in a market it is familiar with, and selling products that customers already know. This strategy is supported by a lot of advertising and promotional activities; for example a firm can lure customers to buy more of its products by offering a promotion of buy 1 and get 1 free. This type of promotion is common especially for products that are sold in grocery stores or supermarkets. A firm can also increase market share by offering its products at prices lower than its competitors. This strategy can only work if a company has low costs due to purchasing, production or distribution economies of scale. A firm can increase its market share by acquiring smaller competitors in the industry. This strategy is ideal when a product reaches its maturity stage and the market is saturated and profit margins are low due to high competition. SABMiller took over Grupo Empresarial which was its competitor in South America, to become the second largest player in the market. The main strategies that firms use to internationalize are outlined below. EXPORTING If the market in which a firm is currently operating is saturated or adverse conditions develop, it can consider offering its products in a different market- selling across its national borders in this case. The first option that a firm can choose is to export its products. Exporting means to ship goods or commodities to another country for sale, exchange, etc. With exporting, the firm produces goods in its home country and sells them abroad. (www.dictionary.com 20.20hrs, 13.11.10). a firm simply has to find distribution partners in the country where its exporting, to supply that particular market. The firm has little control in the international market, and it does not commit time or resources for the international market, it simply ships its products to that country and from there they are at the mercy of the distributor. An example of a company that exports its products is Zambia Sugar PLC (ZMSG). It produces the sugar from Mazabuka, its headquarters in Zambia, supplies the home m arket and exports the excess sugar to the European Union. The problem with exporting is that the firm has little control over its product, and it is not there physically to position its product in the market. How successful it is in the international market depends on the distributor, and also how good the product is for word of mouth to work as a way marketing. Exporting is mainly used by firms that do not have the resources to set up a physical presence in an international market. Additionally, management does not have to commit time to manage operations in the international market as it is all left in the hands of the distributor. Firms also export because of unsolicited orders from abroad. An example is of Vellus Products, Inc. this is a small company based in the United States that makes pet grooming products. CAVUSGIL at al. (2008) international business 1st edition. New Jersey; Pearson Prentice Hall. This company got orders from Taiwan, England etc. -countries where it had no establishments. Firms that are considering setting up a physical presence in an international market can use exporting as a way of testing the market. If the products sell well in the international market, then it can go ahead and set up its infrastructure. INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIVE VENTURES Another way a firm can internationalize is through international collaborative ventures. A collaborative venture is a partnership between two or more firms, and includes equity joint venture as well as, project based nonequity ventures. CAVUSGIL at al. (2008) international business 1st edition. New Jersey; Pearson Prentice Hall. For example, the Japanese electronics company Sony Corporation and the Swedish Telecommunications company Ericsson formed a joint venture in 2001 to form a new company called Sony Ericsson. The reason for the venture is to combine expertise to produce superior products. Both companies have stopped making their own mobile phones and focus on the joint venture. http://wiki.answers.com/Q/Examples_of_joint_ventures). This type of venture is an equity venture, where no one party possess all of the assets needed to exploit an available opportunity(CAVUSGIL at al. (2008) international business 1st edition. New Jersey; Pearson Prentice Hall.) A non equity or project based venture is a partnership formed specifically for a project which has a well defined timetable, without creating a new legal entity(CAVUSGIL at al. (2008) international business 1st edition. New Jersey; Pearson Prentice Hall.) ZCON and group 7 CONSTRUCTION are two companies that have come together to work on a project of setting up a shopping mall in Zambia. The project has a well defined time table and the two companies know when they are supposed to end the partnership. CONSORTIUM This is a project based and usually non equity venture with multiple partners fulfilling a large scale project. It is normally formed with a contract with well defined rights, roles and obligations. (CAVUSGIL at al. (2008) international business 1st edition. New Jersey; Pearson Prentice Hall.) LICENCING Licensing is an agreement in which the owner of intellectual property grants another firm the right to use that property for a specified period of time in exchange for royalties or other compensation. (CAVUSGIL at al. (2008) international business 1st edition. New Jersey; Pearson Prentice Hall.) This is another method a firm can use to internationalize. The firm becomes the licensor in this case and firm in that uses its intellectual property is the licensee. The licensee pays a fee called royalties to the licensor for using the intellectual property. The licensor from time to time, chips in to advise the licensee and provide support. The licensor has a bit more control over its products in the international market using this method. The risks of internationalizing a higher using licensing compared to exporting. An example of a license agreement is of the company coca-cola. It is found in most, if not all countries of the world, but in most of them it operates under license. A local bottling company can produce and distribute coca-cola products on the licensors behalf. The advantage of this strategy is that it does not require investment in the international market, but it is a source of cash through royalties paid in. FRANCHISING This is an arrangement in which the firm allows another the right to use an entire business system in exchange for fees, royalties, or other forms of compensation. (CAVUSGIL at al. (2008) international business 1st edition. New Jersey; Pearson Prentice Hall.) . the firm allowing another , the use of its business system is called the franchisor while the one using the firms business system is the franchisee. with franchising, the franchisor has to be more committed as compared to licensing, in supporting the franchisee, because the entire business system (production, marketing, sales name and right for products patents and trademarks) is being used. The franchisor has to fully monitor the operations of the franchisee and make sure they are in line with the agreed procedures of operating. Examples of firms that have franchise agreements are McDonalds, Subway, Debonnairs Pizza. TURNKEY CONTRACTING This is an arrangement where the focal firm or a consortium of firms plans, finances, organizes, manages and implements all phases of a project abroad and then hands it over to a foreign customer after training local personnel. (CAVUSGIL at al. (2008) international business 1st edition. New Jersey; Pearson Prentice Hall.) BUILD-OPERATE-TRANSFER ARRANGEMENTS (BOT) This is an arrangement in which the firm or a consortium of firms contracts to build a major facility abroad, operate it for a specified period, and then hand it over to the project sponsor, typically the host country government or public utility. (CAVUSGIL at al. (2008) international business 1st edition. New Jersey; Pearson Prentice Hall.) MANAGEMENT CONTRACTS This is an arrangement in which a contractor supplies managerial know how to operate a hotel, resort, hospital, airport or other facility in exchange for compensation. (CAVUSGIL at al. (2008) international business 1st edition. New Jersey; Pearson Prentice Hall.) LEASING This is where a focal firm (the leasor) rents out machinery or equipment to corporate or government clients abroad (leasee). (CAVUSGIL at al. (2008) international business 1st edition. New Jersey; Pearson Prentice Hall.) this is common in the aircraft business where manufacturers lease out the aircraft to airline companies. FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT (FDI) The most involving method of entering an international market is through foreign direct investment. With this method, a firm either sets up its infrastructure in an international market (Greenfield investment) as opposed to acquiring an existing company. (CAVUSGIL at al. (2008) international business 1st edition. New Jersey; Pearson Prentice Hall.) a firm builds new manufacturing, marketing, or administrative facilities. Alternatively, a firm can acquire another, already existing firm and takes over its operations in the market. An example of this is Airtel in the telecommunications industry, under the Bharti group. It recently took over all Zain operations in the African market. With FDI, the firm commits its time and resources fully in the international market. It has a physical presence and has direct access to the firms stakeholders. FDI is the riskiest of all the types of internationalization strategies because of the level of resource commitment. The firm faces; Cultural risk. This is where a cultural miscommunication puts some human value at risk. A firm has to try to study and understand the culture in the country where it chooses to set up operations. Country risk. Any changes in the political, legal, economic or environmental aspects in the country that would have adverse effects on the operations and profitability of a company. Currency risk. This is the risk of adverse fluctuations in exchange rates. Commercial risk. This is a firms potential loss from poorly developed or executed business strategies, tactics or procedures. Currency risk. A firm faces the risk of loss of profits due to fluctuating exchange rates. The devaluation of a currency can have a negative impact on a companys profits. All of the above risks affect firms that use FDI as an entry strategy, unlike the other forms of entry that are only affected by one or two of the risks. The main features of foreign direct investment are that; It has greater resource commitment It implies global presence and operations It allows the firm to achieve global scale efficiency Firms involved In FDI strive to behave in socially responsible ways. When selecting an FDI location, a firm must look at a number of factors; The country it wishes to invest in should have a market large enough to support its growth and give enough returns for the firm to continue operating. China for example, is a large market because of its population, and top of that, its an emerging market so it has a lot of growth opportunities. The country should be close to the firms targeted customers to reduce on distribution expenses. Proximity the firms source of raw materials is also important The country should have low political, cultural, and currency risk as compared to other FDI country options. Economic factors such as tax, interest and exchange rates, are important factors for the firm to consider because theyll determine the level of availability of cash for company operations. Before a firm decides which type of entry strategy it wishes to use, it has to consider the amount of resources it is willing to commit and the level of risk It Is willing to take. How good a strategy is, is determined by the goals the firm wants to achieve. Different industries favor different entry strategies. for example a firm may want to reduce its costs so it can consider investing in countries endowed with natural resource that are input materials for the firm, it can invest in a country with low labor cost. Effects Industrial- emergence of worldwide production markets and broader access to a range of foreign products for consumers and companies, particularly movement of materials and goods between and within boundaries. Financial- emergence of worldwide financial markets and better access to external financing for borrowers Economic- realization of a global common marketplace based on the freedom of exchange of goods and capital. Informational-increase in information flows even between geographically remote areas. This is a technological change including fiber optic communications, satellites, telephone and internet. Competition- survival in the new global business market calls for improved productivity an increased competition (www.google.com) CONCLUSION In conclusion, there is no best way of entering an international market. It all depends on the type of products an organization produces, the resources it is willing to commit in the new market, the risks it is willing to take, and the barriers that are in the new market

Police misconduct Essay

Police misconduct majorly refers to the various actions that the police officers (force) involve in their line of duty which are actually objectionable or questionable. Some of these activities are carrying out brutality, indulging in corrupt activities, falsely arresting various individuals without any basis, cooking evidence so as to justify the arrest of certain persons who might be actually not guilty, intimidation of the public in a number of ways, taking sides in the political arena so as to favor a given politician for instance the incumbent president, abusing various individuals sexually and also enhancing other forms of abuse. Generally, police misconduct has been a serious problem world wide. A good amount of effort has been put in place so as to combat this problem but due to certain problems like the culture of resistance to change by individuals and organizations it has been very challenging. In this paper, the stand that I will take with respect to the topic is that police misconduct is indeed a very significant issue in policing as it was in the time of Serpico as described in the book ‘Serpico’ written by Peter Mass. This means that it is a very important issue that must be addressed to ensure that policing in both developing and the developed countries occurs in a manner that is expected. Significant as it is, police misconduct determines a number of things in this area of service including how the civilians view and respond to the work of the police. Police misconduct is actually different from police corruption. As mentioned above, police misconduct deals with outright brutality and various things that the policemen do as they work (in their line of duty) which are actually can be questioned or objected. Some of these things or activities actually go against human rights. On the other hand, police corruption refers to a given category or example of police misconduct that is normally basically tailored towards availing financial benefits to the concerned officers. This can also lead to the advancement of police officers’ careers due to not pursuing or selectively pursuing an arrest or investigation. Some examples of police corruption include: soliciting or accepting bribes so as to allow certain individuals to carry on with something which is unlawful, use of falsified evidence to secure the convictions of certain suspects. This mounts to breaching the police code of conduct. Both police misconduct and police corruption are related to each other because both of them are actually done in the same way, it is only that one of them is an example of the other one which is relatively wide. Both of them are actually, the subject matter of these theses. There are a number of contemporary issues as regards police misconduct. Even though this is a real problem in the current world, various governments have not been very keen or serious with putting in place stringent measures to fight it. Some governments have, however, tried to put in place some measures but the concerned officers continue to enhance this vice. Police misconduct has resulted in very serious consequences which includes unfair death of innocent individuals e. g. In January 1997, A thirty four year old man who was not armed was carelessly shot dead by a Rhode Island police officer after a low speed car chase, having been just suspected of driving a stolen car. Another issue is that this misconduct of police has led numerous situations where the citizens’ rights are adversely violated by police officers for instance, some of these very innocent citizens are normally tortured, seriously beaten, or even struck to a degree that is not commensurate to the punishment for the crime they are being suspected to have committed and this is normally done when some of them are out rightly not guilty. It is important to note that even though police misconduct is actually rampant in many stations, we have not lost the fight against it.  It is still very possible to cub this practice. This can be achieved when individuals, governments and even the officers themselves just organize themselves as it is currently in the United States and purpose to do away with this vice. The specific topic under discussion here is that police misconduct is very significant an issue in policing as it was in the time of Serpico as described in the book ‘Serpico’ written by Peter Mass. There are a number of issues that actually qualify police misconduct as very significant. It is real or true that this is a serious problem in the United States currently and even world over that actually affects us and consequently needs to be solved. There is no police department world over that is actually free of misconduct yet police officers are very important for the provision of security in all nations world wide. It means that this is a real problem that is actually with us and affects certain things in our day to day lives making it significant. This vice therefore has to be fought both locally and internationally. It is also important to note that the departments of justice has in a way contributed to this seriousness because in some cases, they have failed to prosecute officers who are proved to have indulged in police misconduct. The law that is operational in many countries also does not clearly define how to handle this problem. It is apparent that policing is a very important requirement of enforcing law so as to facilitate day to day activities anywhere yet police brutality and misconduct has brought a hindrance to proper, good or professional law enforcement. All the officers are normally well trained before they are allowed to practice policing yet the manner in which they carry themselves in this profession is so wanting. It is naturally expected that once these officers have undergone good training, then they should exercise a high level of discipline as they execute their duties. It is therefore a disappointment seeing them operate in a very indiscipline manner invoking the need to consider what should be done so as to put things right with respect to this. Therefore makes police misconduct a significant issue (United States Commission on Civil Rights. 1979). The significance of the above is also seen through consideration of how it contributes to corruption in large scale in various states or largely countries. Corruption is a vice that really contributes to loss of numerous resources which should otherwise be used to enhance the development of various countries or cities especially the developing countries. Through police misconduct, some of the dues that are supposed to be received by the government directly for development e. g. through taxes end up unfairly in the hands of few individuals who use it in unwanted ways. This to a larger extent contributes to underdevelopment especially in developing countries where police misconduct is actually rampant. One of the major roles of policing is to ensure that democracy is maintained in a country or state, for that matter. This involves among other things protection of the rights of citizens e. g. the right of speech so as to ensure that they command a good public trust (Champion, Dean J. (2001). In a freely democratic state, individuals are in a position of speaking out or sharing what they know and desire freely without any unnecessary restrictions i. . the freedom of speech is practical. In the past, police officers have interfered with democracy in many states in a way especially during electioneering periods in which they lean on only one side of the political divide ending up favoring it over then other. In such cases, police officers have unconstitutionally prevented individuals from contributing to chatting the way forward on certain political issues at hand especially if there is a somewhat serious problem or crisis. Such matters are normally national and so affect a lot of things in the state. This also explains why police misconduct is significant and should actually be seriously looked into (Archbold, Carol. (2004). It is also important to note here that each and every worker or rather civil servant in the current world is normally expected to achieve certain set goals and objectives(job requirements) stated by performance contracting in certain states. Likewise, policing in its mandate of enhancing law enforcement should meet certain standards that have been set for them. Research has, however, shown that most officers in the police force are actually very far from achieving the standards that have been set for them. This poor performance is majorly contributed to by the police misconduct which includes brutality, corruption among other things. As a result of this, a number of things that are supposed to be achieved by them do not come to pass. This also explains why police misconduct is really significant and so a number of ways should be suggested to ensure that it is checked and managed. In the book ‘Serpico’ a number of incidences transpire which show out rightly how police misconduct occurred in this episode. At some point it is evident that even though police officers are brought to a number of issues that they should respond to, they actually ignore and not act upon them after all (Tomasi. (2005). This is shown on page 14 of the book where key municipal and police officials are brought to allegations with an evidence by Serpico which they are actually supposed to act upon but up to this point, they fail to do so. â€Å"†¦ and key municipal and police officials at last admitted under oath that, despite the specific allegations brought to them by Serpico, they had in fact done nothing. .. † (pg 14). In another incident, we come across a situation where an individual is literally shot for some crime that was supposedly committed. According to the code of conduct of policing, no officer is supposed to shoot to kill save for specific circumstances which are actually entrenched in the law (Finn, Peter. (2001). For instance if an individual is actually in confrontation with a polic e officer in a given scenario yet he or she is not armed then the officer should not even attempt to shoot. This excerpt suggests that the person was actually shot only that the bullet deviated from original line of fire which would otherwise paralyzed the person’s arms. â€Å"†¦ If the bullet continued along its original line of fire, it would have struck the upper part of his spinal cord, paralyzing his arms and legs †¦ † pg 20. There are also cases in which police officers are involved in overreaction to gang problems. This is driven by the assumption that those who associate with known gang members must be involved in criminal activity even in situations that there is evidence that this is not the case. Some of the things that the police officers do are mass stops and arrests of various people, demanding certain things from various people (like the youth) on the basis of their dress and race in stead of on the basis of their criminal conduct (Robinson, Paul H. , (2006). This actually amounts to breaching the code of conduct and professionalism of the police force currently and in the book â€Å"Serpico†. With regard to comparing and contrasting contemporary issues pertaining police misconduct and Serpico, we can note that in both cases, this has led to a number of very serious consequences. One of these is unfair death or serious injury of very innocent individuals. This has consequently led to reduction in the labor that is needed by the state for instance in the civil service. This is because part of the labor may become lame due to torture or may simply be done away with due to death for instance through shooting (Mitchell, Richard H. (1992). Another thing is that in both cases, police misconduct has proved to be very challenging to control. A number of ways have been devised to curb this practice for example at some point in the Book; Serpico tries to challenge some people who are in the process of enhancing it. Though it is not very successful, at least something is done. â€Å"†¦ Peter Maas suggested that there was no point in his hanging around any longer. â€Å"What do you mean? † Serpico asked him, puzzled. â€Å"Kid, it just can’t be,† the detective said. †¦ † pg 98. BODY This paper is basically about my stand of showing that police misconduct is actually a significant issue and that ways should be devised to curb it. In the introduction above a number of cases have been highlighted that show how serious this practice actually is. A number of points will also be given in this section in support of the same From ‘Serpico’ and other sources (Hinton, Valeska S. ; DeWolfe, Ruthanne. (1981). Police misconduct in a way contributes to underdevelopment e. g. in a country. This can occur if police officers constantly indulge in corrupt activities denying the state a good amount of revenues which can be allocated to develop various areas (United States. (2007). In ‘Serpico’ a situation is described where one wants to give money to supposedly avert a given penalty. If the person is guilty he would be taken to court where he would likely produce some dues to the state. In this case, however, Serpico demonstrates his independence and no need of the money. â€Å".. Serpico started up the car. â€Å"No,† he said blankly. â€Å"I’m really pretty independent. I don’t need the money. † â€Å"You sure? Real†¦ † (pg 102). Corruption as discussed above is a real enemy to development and so its practice here makes police misconduct really significant. Indulgence in unnecessary torture and killing/shooting of citizens also leads to underdevelopment. This is because it interferes with labor which is very vital in a country’s economy. A report â€Å"police conduct report† indicates how police officers involve in unnecessary killing of individuals in the name of carrying out a security operation in the area. The killed individuals would have played a major role in enhancing the economy and so their death was a loss as regards development (United States. , Congress. (2001). Police misconduct also contributes greatly to tainting professionalism in the practice of policing. This is very important in commanding public trust and enhancing efficiency of the practice. The book ‘Serpico’ indicates an incident in which various officers who are supposed to act on an issue fail to do it at the required time after having been forwarded to them. This is a sign of non-professionalism. â€Å".. municipal and police officials at last admitted under oath that, despite the specific allegations brought to them by Serpico, they had in fact done nothing.. † pg 14. In another incident recorded in one of the papers in the US, a young man was ruthlessly shot dead by a Rhode Island police officer as he was driving on one of the roads in the city. This brother, who was actually not armed, was being suspected of having stolen a car. Proper professional police practice demands that in this case, the concerned is apprehended and a proper investigation is done. This brings out the significance because the practice actually interferes with the professionalism that is needed in the police force. It is also important to mention that police misconduct has contributed to the increase in crime hence insecurity of various properties in a state. This majorly occurs in situations where police officers liaise with criminals by receiving some cash from them and tolerating their criminal activities. This leads to a lot of insecurity in the areas of operation of these people. ‘Serpico’ describes a situation in which a certain detective is reluctant to execute his duties as pertains to a given investigation (Maas, P, 2005). Serpico is being discouraged from staying any longer at the scene probably because Peter Maas has his own plans. â€Å". 98 PETER MAAS suggested that there was no point in his hanging around any longer. â€Å"What do you mean? † Serpico asked him, puzzled. â€Å"Kid, it just can’t be,† the detective said. .† Such kinds of negligence can really lead to more criminal activities. External evidence is a situation where it is recorded in one of the US paper archives that given police officers deliberately delayed or rather averted a case that they were handling having made an agreement with the concerned that they would be given a big sum of money if the case was done away with. It was unfortunate that this plan succeeded and so the criminals went scot free. The danger of this is that the criminals may opt to continue with their criminal activities hoping that the same would occur to them in future. This increases crime in a country and hence insecurity (BATFE. (2006).